A
abase (v.) - to lower, demean, degrade 降低…的威信（或地位、身分等）

abate (v.) - to lessen, to reduce in severity 减弱

abbreviate (v.) - to shorten, reduce 使简短；缩短；缩简；节略（演讲等）

abduct (v.) - to kidnap 绑架

aberration (n.) - a deviation from the expected course 背离正确的情况；背离真实（或事实）

abhor (v.) - to hate, loathe 憎恶，厌恶；痛恨

abide (v.) - to put up with, tolerate 忍受

abject (adj.) - of the most miserable or contemptible kind 绝望的；凄惨的

abort (v.) - to give up unfinished 使流产

abridge (v.) - to shorten, cut down 缩短；减少，削减

abrogate (v.) - to abolish, often by authority 废除（法令、条约、习俗等）

abscond (v.) - to sneak away and hide 潜逃

abundant (adj.) - in great numbers 丰富的

accede (v.) - to agree 开始任职

accentuate (v.) - to emphasize, to highlight 使突出

accommodating (adj.) - obliging, helpful 乐于助人的，与人方便的

accost (v.) - to approach or confront aggressively 同人搭讪

acumen (n.) - keen insight 理解或处事）敏锐

acute (adj.) - sharp, severe 严重的

affable (adj.) - friendly, amiable 和蔼可亲的

affluent (adj.) - rich, wealthy 富裕的

aggrandize (v.) - to increase or make greater 扩大（范围）

aggregate (v.) - to gather, amass 积累

aghast (adj.) - struck by amazement or terror （被）吓呆

agoraphobia (n.) - an abnormal fear of open or public places 旷野恐怖

akimbo (adj.) - with hands on hips and elbows extending outward 两手叉腰

alacrity (n.) - speed, readiness 乐意, 欣然

algid (adj.) - frigid, cold 冷的

allay (v.) - to sooth, assuage 缓和

alleviate (v.) - to relieve 减轻

aloof (adj.) - reserved, distant 冷淡的

altercation (n.) - an argument, dispute （愤怒的或激烈的）争论，争辩；争吵

amalgamation (n.) - a union, a merger 汞齐化（作用）

ambivalent (adj.) - having contradictory feelings 有矛盾情绪的

amble (v.) - to stroll, walk （马）溜蹄，对侧步

ameliorate (v.) - to improve, to make better （使）变好；改善，改进，改良

amend (v.) - to change for the better, improve 修正

amiable (adj.) - friendly, affable 亲切的

amorous (adj.) - relating to or showing love 多情的

amorphous (adj.) - without shape or borders 非晶质

anomaly (n.) - something that does not fit into the normal order 异常

antechamber (n.) - a waiting room 前厅

anxiety (n.) - uneasiness 焦虑

aphorism (n.) - a short saying 简练叙述

apocalypse (n.) - total devastation, the end of the world 启示

apparitional (adj.) - ghostly, spectral 出现的

arbitrator (n.) - one who settles controversy between two sides 公断人

ascetic (n.) - one who practices restraint as a means of self-discipline, usually religious 禁欲的

assuage (v.) - to ease, pacify 安抚

atone (v.) - to apologize, make amends 赎

audacious (adj.) - excessively bold 胆大

augment (v.) - to increase or make larger 增加

austere (adj.) - very bare, bleak, simple 紧日子

B
baleful (adj.) - harmful, threatening 有害的

bard (n.) - a poet, often a singer as well 民间诗人

battery (n.) - an assault or an array of similar things intended for use together 一连串；攻击

belligerent (adj.) - contentious, ready to fight 处于交战状态的

benevolent (adj.) - kind, good, caring 仁慈的

benign (adj.) - non-threatening, innocuous 良性的

berate (v.) - to scold severely 呵责

bereft (adj.) - without, devoid of 失去的

bide (v.) - to wait, or remain in a condition 等候

bilk (v.) - to cheat, to swindle 欺骗

blandish (v.) - to coax through flattery 谄媚

bloated (adj.) - swollen, bigger than desired 肿胀的

boisterous (adj.) - loud, energetic 喧闹的

bourgeois (adj.) - middle class 资产阶级的

brash (adj.) - hasty or lacking in sensitivity 莽撞的

brazen (adj.) - excessively bold, brash 黄铜的

brumal (adj.) - wintry, relating to winter 冬季的

brusque (adj.) - short, abrupt, dismissive 粗暴的

buffet (n.) - a spread of food involving choices 自助餐

buffet (v.) - to hit or strike 冲击

burgeon (v.) - to come forth, blossom 发发芽

C
cacophony (n.) - noise, discordant sound 不和谐的声音

cadence (n.) - rhythm 声音的降落

cajole (v.) - to urge, coax 诱逼

callous (adj.) - harsh, cold, unfeeling 麻木不仁

calumny (n.) - an attempt to defame another’s reputation 谰言

camaraderie (n.) - cheerful unity among a group （同志间的）友谊

canvas (n.) - a piece of cloth on which an artist paints 帆布

capricious (adj.) - impulsive, unpredictable, subject to whim 多变的

captivate (v.) - to hold the interest of, to gain the attention of 抓住

carouse (v.) - to revel, to party 痛饮

cavity (n.) - a hole 洞

cavort (v.) - to frolic, leap, prance 雀跃

celestial (adj.) - relating to the sky or the heavens 天的

chastise (v.) - to criticize, to scold 惩罚

choreographed (adj.) - arranged, as in dance 舞蹈设计的

circumlocution (n.) - indirect language 迂回说法

circumspect (adj.) - cautious 谨慎小心的

clairvoyant (adj.) - able to see things that others cannot 有千里眼的

claustrophobia (n.) - an abnormal fear of closed or crowded spaces 幽闭恐怖

cliché (n.) - a trite, overused expression 陈词滥调

coalesce (v.) - to combine into one 联合

cogent (adj.) - intelligent, viable 有说服力的

collusion (n.) - a conspiracy, a secret agreement 共谋

colossus (n.) - an enormous structure 巨像

comatose (adj.) - lethargic 昏迷的

commendable (adj.) - worthy of praise 值得表扬的

commodious (adj.) - spacious, roomy 宽敞的<

compel (v.) - to force 强制

complicit (adj.) - being an accomplice in a wrongful act 同谋的

compliment (n.) - an expression of esteem or approval 赞美

concede (v.) - to give in, to accept 承认

conciliatory (adj.) - agreeable, friendly 安慰的， 抚慰的

concoct (v.) - to make up or invent 调制

concord (n.) - agreement 一致

conduit (n.) - a pipe, passage, channel 管道

confluence (n.) - a convergence, a coming together 汇流

confound (v.) - to frustrate 使混淆

connotation (n.) - a meaning or association suggested by a word beyond its definition 含蓄

contusion (n.) - bruise, injury 擦伤

convalescence (n.) - the gradual return to health after illness 逐渐恢复健康

copious (adj.) - abundant, plentiful 丰富的

corpulent (adj.) - very fat 肥胖的

cosmopolitan (adj.) - worldly, sophisticated 世界性的

credulity (n.) - readiness to believe 轻信

cursory (adj.) - brief to the point of being superficial 仓促的

D
daft (adj.) - insane, foolish 傻的

daunting (adj.) - intimidating 吓人的

dearth (n.) - a lack, scarcity 昂贵

defame (v.) - to destroy the reputation of破坏…的名誉

deft (adj.) - skilled, adept 灵巧的

defunct (adj.) - no longer used or existing 不再存在的

deleterious (adj.) - harmful 有害的

delude (v.) - to deceive, to mislead 愚弄

deluge (n.) - a great flood or something that overwhelms like a flood 大洪水

derelict (adj.) - run-down, abandoned 弃置的

desolate (adj.) - deserted, lifeless 荒凉的

despondent (adj.) - discouraged, hopeless, depressed 失望的

destitute (adj.) - impoverished 没有的

diaphanous (adj.) - transparent, light, airy 透明

dictate (v.) - to pronounce, command, prescribe 口述

differentiate (v.) - to distinguish, to make different区分一事与另一事

dilapidated (adj.) - in a state of disrepair 坍毁的

diligent (adj.) - careful, showing care 勤奋的

diminish (v.) - to decrease or make smaller 减小

diminutive (adj.) - miniature, small 很小的

discreet (adj.) - prudent or inconspicuous 谨慎的，悄声的

discrete (adj.) - separate, distinct, individual分离的，独立的，不相连的

disparage (v.) - to criticize, degrade, belittle使丧失信誉；使丢脸

dissonance (n.) - lack of harmony or agreement 不协调

divergent (adj.) - different, deviating, contrary分支的，分叉的，岔开的

diverse (adj.) - varied多种多样的

divisive (adj.) - causing conflict, opposition 离间的

domicile (n.) - a residence, a home 家

doppelganger (n.) - a ghostly double of a living person指面貌极其相似的人

douse (v.) - to drench, saturate 原义猛击

dutiful (adj.) - careful to fulfill obligations 尽职的

dynamic (adj.) - characterized by continuous change or activity 生气勃勃的

E
elocution (n.) - the art of public speaking 演说的姿态

elucidate (v.) - to clarify 解释

empathetic (adj.) - feeling another’s pain as one’s own 断然的

empathy (n.) - the experience of another’s feelings as one’s own 移情

enervate (v.) - to weaken, make weary使丧失力量

enervated (adj.) - lacking energy, weakened, exhausted 衰弱的

entity (n.) - something that exists as a discrete unit 实体

entomology (n.) - the study of insects 昆虫学

envious (adj.) - jealous 羡慕的

erect (v.) - to construct, to raise 架设

erroneous (adj.) - mistaken, incorrect 有差错的

espouse (v.) - to support, or to marry与…成配偶，和…结婚

espy (v.)– - catch sight of, glimpse 看见

ethereal (adj.) - heavenly, exceptionally delicate or refined 天空的

euphoric (adj.) - elated, overjoyed 欣快的

exacerbate (v.) - to make more violent, intense加重

excursion (n.) - a trip, an outing 游览

exemplary (adj.) - serving as an example 模范的

exigent (adj.) - critical, urgent 紧急的

existential (adj.) - relating to existence存在的

exorbitant (adj.) - excessive过高的，过度的

extol (v.) - to praise赞美，指衷心地称赞

extravagant (adj.) - excessive, over-the-top 奢侈的， 浪费的

F
fabricate (v.) - to invent, make-up, concoct 编造

fabulist (n.) - a teller of fables; a liar 说谎者

facile (adj.) - easy 易做到的

fallacious (adj.) - incorrect, misleading 谬误的

familial (adj.) - relating to family家庭的；家族的；家传的

fatuous (adj.) - silly, foolish愚蠢的，昏庸的

fecund (adj.) - fertile, fruitful 多产的

feign (v.) - to fake or pretend to 假装

feral (adj.) - savage, wild, untamed未驯服的，野的，野生的

fetter (v.) - to restrain, chain, tie脚镣

fey (adj.) - magical原义命中注定的，注定要死的

fickle (adj.) - characterized by changeableness, whimsical易变的

figurative (adj.) - symbolic华美的

firmament (n.) - the sky, the heavens天空，天穹，天顶

flabbergasted (adj.) - astounded, stupefied感到惊讶的；使目瞪口呆的

flaccid (adj.) - limp不结实的

flattery (n.) - compliments, sycophancy谄媚，阿谀奉承

flout (v.) - to scorn, ignore, show contempt for蔑视

fluctuate (v.) - to vary irregularly 波动

flux (n.) - a state of constant change or a flow 之中

forage (v.) - to rummage, scavenge, graze for food 觅食

forestall (v.) - to delay, impede 阻止

forlorn (adj.) - lonely, hopeless孤苦伶仃的

formidable (adj.) - arousing fear or alarm艰巨的，难以对付的

forsake (v.) - to abandon, forget遗弃，抛弃

fortify (v.) - to strengthen设防于

fortitude (n.) - strength, bravery坚忍不拔，刚毅

fortuitous (adj.) - lucky, occurring by chance偶发的，偶然的，意外的

foster (v.) - to stimulate, promote, encourage领养

frenetic (adj.) - frenzied, hectic, frantic 发狂似的

G
gape (v.) - to open the mouth and stare stupidly目瞪口呆地凝视

gay (adj.) - happy, cheery, or homosexual欢快的，同性恋的

gluttonous (adj.) - insatiable in appetite贪吃的，好食的，饕餮的

goad (v.) - to urge, to provoke into action赶牛用的）刺棒

gourmand (n.) - one who likes eating and drinking原义：贪食者；饕餮

grandiose (adj.) - extraordinary, grand in scope浮夸的

gregarious (adj.) - sociable, outgoing群居的；群集的；成群结队的

grotto (n.) - a small cave or cavern洞穴，岩洞

guile (n.) - deceitful actions or behavior 狡诈

H
hail (v.) - to come from 来自

hapless (adj.) - unlucky 不幸的；倒霉的；时运不济的

harmony (n.) - agreement, often of sound和睦， 和声

harrowing (adj.) - agonizing, distressing令人伤心的

hedonist (n.) - one whose primary pursuit is pleasure快乐论者

henchman (n.) - a trusted follower, goon男仆，小侍从，童仆，侍者

hiatus (n.) - an interruption in continuity, a break稿件等的）脱字，漏句

hiemal (adj.) - wintry, relating to winter 冬季的

hierarchy (n.) - a ranking system of groups or individuals等级制度

histrionic (adj.) - excessively dramatic or emotional戏剧的，演戏的；演员的

I
idolatrous (adj.) - worshiping excessively an object or person 盲目崇拜的

illusory (adj.) - deceptive, produced by an illusion产生幻觉的

immaculate (adj.) - impeccably clean, spotless, pure无瑕疵的

immutable (adj.) - not susceptible to change永不变的；不能改变的

impecunious (adj.) - excessively poor无钱的

impervious (adj.) - unable to be penetrated, unaffected不可渗透的

impudent (adj.) - rude, improper不谦虚的，不礼貌的；（厚颜）无耻的

incessant (adj.) - without interruption 不停地

incisive (adj.) - clear, sharp, direct切入的

inclement (adj.) - stormy, bad, severe（有）暴风雨的；狂暴的；险恶的；寒冷的

inclination (n.) - a tendency, propensity 倾向

indictment (n.) - accusation of wrongdoing谴责

indignation (n.) - anger due to an unfair situation愤慨，义愤，激愤

inextricable (adj.) - hopelessly confused or tangled无法摆脱（或解脱）的

infuse (v.) - to inject（向…）倒入，灌入，注入（液体）

ingenious (adj.) - marked by special intelligence有独创性的

inimical (adj.) - hostile, threatening 敌人似的；敌意的，敌对的；不友善的；不友好的

iniquity (n.) - a wicked act, a sin 邪恶；罪恶；不义，不公平，不公正，不正当，不正直

innate (adj.) - inborn, native, inherent 天生的

innocuous (adj.) - harmless无害的；无毒的

inquisitor (n.) - someone who asks questions or makes an inquiry审问官，审讯官，调查官

inundate (v.) - to flood多得应接不暇

invariable (adj.) - not susceptible to change不变的

invective (n.) - a verbal attack 抨击；辱骂，谩骂

inveterate (adj.) - habitual, natural长期形成的；根深蒂固的

irascible (adj.) - easily angered易怒的，性情急躁的

J
jubilant (adj.) - joyful, happy（因胜利而）狂欢的

judicious (adj.) - of sound judgment贤明的，明断的，明智的，谨慎的

juvenile (adj.) - young or immature青少年的

juxtapose (v.) - to put next to each other把…并列，把…并排在一起

L
labyrinthine (adj.) - intricate, maze-like迷宫的

laceration (n.) - a cut, a rip撕裂；割碎

lachrymose (adj.) - tearful爱流泪的；满是泪水的

latent (adj.) - present but hidden潜在的

laud (v.) - to applaud or praise赞美，称赞

laudatory (adj.) - admiring, praising颂扬性的；表示称赞的；褒奖的

lavish (adj.) - extravagant丰盛的

lethargic (adj.) - sluggish, weary, apathetic（使）昏睡的；懒散

lewd (adj.) - vulgar, offensive, rude淫猥的；猥亵的；淫荡的

libel (n.) - a statement that gives an unjust or unfavorable representation of a person or thing诽谤

licentious (adj.) - amoral, lawless, lewd放肆的；越轨的

limber (adj.) - bending or flexing readily, pliable易弯曲的；柔软的

limpid (adj.) - clear, easily understood清澈的；透明的

linchpin (n.) - something that holds separate things together车辖；制轮楔

lithe (adj.) - graceful, flexible, supple柔软的；易弯曲的

loquacious (adj.) - talkative话多的；喋喋不休的；饶舌的

lull (n.) - a relatively calm interval, as in a storm间歇

luminescence (n.) - light from non-thermal sources发光

M
magnanimous (adj.) - generous, noble宽宏大量的；品德高尚的

malaise (n.) - vague feeling of discomfort病初发时的不适；欠爽

malevolent (adj.) - having intent to harm others含有恶意的；恶毒的

malicious (adj.) - malevolent, harmful恶意的

malign (v.) - to slander, to smear, to libel, to defame, to speak evil of中伤；诽谤；诬蔑

malleable (adj.) - easily shaped or formed（金属）可锻的；有延展性的；韧性的

mandatory (adj.) - required, not optional强制的

manifest (v.) - to show clearly表明

manifold (adj.) - many多种形式的；有许多部分的；多方面的

masticate (v.) - to chew 咀嚼（食物等）

matrimony (n.) - marriage结婚；婚姻；婚礼

maudlin (adj.) - sentimental易伤感的；感情脆弱的，爱落泪的

maxim (n.) - a common saying of advice or virtue格言；箴言；准则；座右铭

meager (adj.) - lacking in quality stature瘦的；贫瘠的

mediate (v.) - to intervene, to arbitrate, to sort out调停

melodramatic (adj.) - exaggeratedly emotional or sentimental; histrionic情节剧的

mendacious (adj.) - inclined to lie or mislead 虚伪的；虚假的；好说谎的

mercurial (adj.) - quick and changeable in temperament（含）汞的；（含）水银的

meritorious (adj.) - deserving of praise or merit有功的；值得奖励的；值得表扬的

metamorphosis (n.) - a change of form, shape, substance（神话故事中由魔法、巫术引起的）变形

mimic (v.) - to imitate, to copy模仿

misogyny (n.) - hatred of women厌女症；厌女癣；嫌恶女人

modicum (n.) - a small amount of something少量

mollify (v.) - to soften in temper 抚慰；使平静；使息怒

monogamy (n.) - having only one spouse at a time一夫一妻制

mores (n.) - moral attitudes [复数形态时]风俗；习惯；惯例

morose (adj.) - gloomy or sullen 脾气坏的；乖僻的；愠怒的

munificent (adj.) - generous, benevolent非常慷慨的；毫不吝啬的

mutability (n.) - capability of change可突变性

myopic (adj.) - short-sighted缺乏远见

myriad (adj.) - consisting of a very great number无数的，数不清的

N
narrate (v.) - to tell a story叙述；讲述

nebulous (adj.) - indistinct, hazy星云（状）的

nefarious (adj.) - horribly villainous 恶毒的；极坏的

neologism (n.) - the creation of new words, or a new word 新词，旧词的新义

neonate (n.) - a newborn baby婴儿

noisome (adj.) - foul, offensive, particularly to the sense of smell 恶臭的；令人不快的

notoriety (n.) - infamy, known in bad regard臭名昭著；声名狼藉

novel (adj.) - strikingly new, unusual, or different小说，新颖的

noxious (adj.) - harmful, toxic有害的；有毒的

O
obdurate (adj.) - unyielding to persuasion or moral influences 冷酷无情的；硬心肠的

obfuscate (v.) - to render incomprehensible使模糊；使暗淡

obsequious (adj.) - excessively compliant or submissive谄媚的；奉承的；巴结的

odious (adj.) - meriting strong displeasure 可憎的；丑恶的；令人作呕的

officious (adj.) - offering unwanted help or service原义：乐于助人的；恳切的

olfactory (adj.) - relating to the sense of smell嗅觉的

ominous (adj.) - foreboding or foreshadowing evil, portentous不祥的

oration (n.) - a dignified and formal speech演说；演讲

ostracize (v.) - to exclude from a community（古希腊）用贝壳放逐法放逐

P
pacify (v.) - to sooth, ease

使镇静；抚慰 paragon (n.) - model of perfection (尽善尽美的）模范（或典型）

pariah (n.) - an outcast 贱民（印度等的受压迫的低等级或不列级的成员）

parody (n.) - a satirical imitation (为嘲弄某作者或某作品而作成的）模仿滑稽作品

patent (adj.) - clear, apparent 明显的

pedagogue (n.) - a schoolteacher 教师

pellucid (adj.) - clear 清澈的；透明的

penchant (n.) - a tendency, partiality, preference 强烈的爱好；嗜好

peregrinate (v.) - to travel from place to place on foot 旅行（尤指步行）

perfunctory (adj.) - showing little enthusiasm, done as duty 草率的；马马虎虎的；表面的

permeate (v.) - to spread out, to pervade 弥漫，遍布；充满

persevere (v.) - to persist, remain constant 百折不挠地(做某事)

pertinacious (adj.) - stubbornly persistent, holding to a belief or position 坚持的；固执的；不屈不挠的

peruse (v.) - to examine carefully 原义：详细考察；仔细察看

pervasive (adj.) - to spread throughout 弥漫的；遍布的；充满的

petulance (n.) - irritability, impoliteness 任性，指不讲道理的，孩子气的坏性情

physiognomy (n.) - the art of judging human character from facial features 相法

pique (v.) - to provoke or to cause indignation 愠怒；不满

pithy (adj.) - succinctly meaningful 有髓的；多髓的

pittance (n.)– - very small amount 少量；一点点

placate (v.) - to soothe, appease 安慰

placid (adj.) - calm, tranquil 平静的

plethora (n.) - a great number, an abundance 过多；过剩

pliable (adj.) - flexible, bendable 易弯的；柔韧的

; poach (v.) - to hunt or fish illegally 偷猎

poised (adj.) - balanced, readied 安详的，泰然

polygamy (n.) - having more than one spouse at a time 多配偶；一夫多妻；一妻多夫

portentous (adj.) - foreboding or foreshadowing evil, ominous 预兆的；凶兆的；不祥的

portly (adj.) - fat, chubby, round 举止庄重的；庄严的

precarious (adj.) - dangerously lacking in security or stability危险的

predestination (n.) - the concept of destiny or fate 教义世间一切事物均由神预定论

premonition (n.) - a presentiment of the future 预感

preponderance (n.) - a great amount or frequency 优势

presage (n.) - an omen 预示；预兆

prestidigitation (n.) - a sleight of hand 变戏法；魔术

presumptuous (adj.) - disrespectfully bold 专横的；傲慢的

profane (adj.) - indecent, blasphemous 世俗的；非宗教的

profuse (adj.) - abundant, lavish, prolific 十分慷慨的

propensity (n.) - an inclination, preference 倾向；爱好；嗜好；习性

propriety (n.) - decency, state of being proper 适当；适宜；合宜；正当

protean (adj.) - readily taking on various shapes or forms 变幻无常的海神普洛透斯般的

prudent (adj.) - cautious, careful 慎重的

puerile (adj.) - immature 幼稚的；孩子气的；不成熟的；平庸的

pugnacious (adj.) - belligerent 好斗的；好战的；爱吵架的

pulchritude (n.) - physical beauty 美，美丽，漂亮，悦目

punctilious (adj.) - eager to follow rules 拘泥细节的；谨小慎微的

pungent (adj.) - having a sharp, strong quality especially related to smell 气味等）刺激性的，刺鼻的

purport (v.) - to present an intention that is often FALSE 意味着；意指；声称；大意是

putrid (adj.) - rotten, rancid, foul 腐烂的，腐败的

Q
quaint (adj.) - old-fashioned 古雅的

quid pro - (n., latin) – a mutually beneficial exchange 补偿物；交换物；报酬

quotidian (adj.) - daily, everyday 每日的；每日发生的

R
radiant (adj.) - bright, beaming 容光焕发的

rancid (adj.) - rotten, spoiled, disgusting in smell or taste 有腐臭的

ratiocinate (v.) - to think, contemplate 推论，推理（尤指用形式逻辑推理）

raze (v.) - to demolish原义：擦伤；负轻伤

recalcitrant (adj.) - defiant 不服从的；不顺从的，执拗的

recalibrate (v.) - to readjust or make corrections to 重新刻度；再校准

recapitulate (v.) - to repeat, reiterate 扼要重述；扼要说明；概括

rectify (v.) - to set right, correct 改正

redact (v.) - to revise, edit 编写；拟订（公告等

redoubtable (adj.) - formidable, commanding respect 可怕的；厉害的；令人惊骇的

redress (v.) - to set right or remedy 纠正，矫正

reel (v.) - to be thrown off balance or feel dizzy 摇晃地移动

refrain (v.) - to hold oneself back, forbear 克制

reiterate (v.) - to repeat 重申；重做；反复讲；反复做

relish (v.) - to take zestful pleasure in, enjoy the flavor of 享受

remiss (adj.) - negligent, exhibiting carelessness 粗心的，疏忽的；不负责的

render (v.) - to say, or to make 提供

renovate (v.) - to restore, return to original state 修复

repose (n.) - rest, sleep [常与反身代词连用]使休息

reprehensible (adj.) - deserving criticism 应受申斥的

repudiate (v.) - to reject, turn down 拒绝接受（或支持）；否认…的权威（或效力等）

repulse (v.) - to cause disgust or distaste, or to drive back, repel 打退，击退；挫败

requisition (n.) - a demand for goods, often by an authority （正式的）要求，请求

restitution (n.) - compensation, reimbursement 归还；偿还

retaliation (n.) - revenge, punishment 报复

retract (v.) - withdraw 缩回

retribution (n.) - vengeance, revenge, payback 惩罚；报答

revel (v.) - to enjoy 尽情享受某事物

rife (adj.) - abundant 普遍的

ruddy (adj.) - having a healthy, reddish color 血色好的，红润的

ruse (n.) - a trick 策略，计谋；诡计

rustic (adj.) - relating to country life 乡村的；在乡村生活的

S
saccharine (adj.) - overly sweet 糖的；含糖的；产糖的

sacrosanct (adj.) - sacred, holy 极神圣的；神圣不可侵犯的

sagacious (adj.) - shrewd, showing sound judgment 有洞察力的；有远见的；精明的

salient (adj.) - significant, conspicuous 跳跃的，蹦跳的

salutation (n.) - a greeting 致意，敬礼

sanguine (adj.) - cheery, optimistic, hopeful 血色好的，红润的

sate (v.) - to satisfy (an appetite) fully. 充分满足（食欲、愿望等）；使满意

satiate (v.) - to satisfy excessively 使充分满足，使饱享

savor (v.) - to appreciate fully, enjoy 体味，品味

scathing (adj.) - hurtful, critical 严厉的，尖刻的

scourge (n.) - a plague （用作刑具的）鞭、杖

scurrilous (adj.) - crude, vulgar 粗野无礼的，满口下流话的

sedate (v.) - to calm, soothe 安祥的

sedentary (adj.) - sitting 久坐的；少（活）动的

seer (n.) - a fortune teller 观看者

seminal (adj.) - original, ground-breaking （含）精液的；种子的

serendipity (n.) - the act of finding things not sought, luck 偶然发现珠宝的才能

slander (n.) - a FALSE statement to damage the reputation of another 诽谤

sobriety (n.) - moderation from excess, calm, tranquility 节制，尤指：节酒

somnolent (adj.) - sleepy 困倦的；欲睡的；嗜眠的

soothsayer (n.) - a fortune teller 预言者；占卜者

sordid (adj.) - dirty 污秽的

spectral (adj.) - ghostly 鬼怪（似）的，幽灵（般）的

spurious (adj.) - FALSE but intended to seem believable or possible 私生的

stagnant (adj.) - still, not flowing 萧条的

stagnate (v.) - to be idle, to be still (使）停滞；（使）不活动；（使）迟钝

static (adj.) - not moving, being at rest 静止的

steadfast (adj.) - fixed or unchanging 固定的；坚定的

strenuous (adj.) - requiring tremendous strength or energy 激烈的

strife (n.) - conflict 不和睦，不协调

stupefy (v.) - to astound 使失去知觉；使处于麻醉状态

submissive (adj.) - easily yielding to authority 顺从的；柔顺的；谦恭的

subsist (v.) - to live, exi